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An Improved Brucella Abortus S19 Strain for Control of Bovine Brucellosis
Brucella abortus S19∆per vaccine technology describes an improved brucellosis vaccine for cattle and buffaloes.
B. abortus S19∆per strain has been developed through deletion of perosaminesynthetase gene (per gene) from conventional Brucella vaccine, S19. The perosaminesynthetase gene is involved in LPS biosynthetic pathway. Perosaminesynthetase gene has been deleted and replaced with a kanamycin marker in the S19 backbone of the organism. Deletion of per gene in S19∆per has been proven and the culture characteristics of S19∆per have been analyzed.
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Live Attenuated Indigenous CSF Cell Culture Vaccine (IVRI-CSF-BS)
This is a cell culture vaccine for classical swine fever (CSF) developed using an Indian field isolate.
This vaccine, being from a virus of Indian origin, has huge export potential. The most important feature of the vaccine is its very high titre (1x109.5 TCID50/ml) which has not yet been reported elsewhere for any CSF virus. Due to its high titre, a large number of doses (60 lakhs approx.) can be produced easily from only one 75 cm² tissue culture flask. And the country’s yearly requirement of 22 million doses can be prepared in just four 75cm² tissue culture flasks. This high titre vaccine would be the most economical CSF cell culture vaccine costing around less than Rs 2/- per dose as against Rs 15-25/- of lapinized CSF vaccine. The vaccine has been extensively tested for safety and potency and has been found to afford 100% protection. The vaccine has been found to induce protective immunity from day 14 of the vaccination till 18 months.
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Construction of Glycoprotein (GE) Gene-Deleted Mutant Of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) Virus Indian Strain for Diva-Based Marker Vaccine
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is an economically important respiratory disease of cattle caused by bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1).
Losses due to IBR are milk production and reproductive disorders like, genital tract disorders, abortions, repeat breeding and infertility. BoHV-1 establishes latency, post-infection therefore, all seropositive animals are considered lifelong carriers and potential shedders of the virus. This poses threat of spreading of IBR in herd by contact and use of contaminated semen. The disease is endemic and control of infection can only be achieved using vaccine. Conventional IBR vaccines protect cattle from IBR virus infection, however, at the same time the herd obtains an “IBR positive” status as vaccinated and infected animals cannot be distinguished. Due to International trade restriction for importing cattle and cattle products from IBR positive countries, it is important to achieve ‘IBR free’ status. Vaccination with vaccine having capability of differentiating infected from vaccinated animal (DIVA), also known as marker vaccines, can be a useful tool in the process of achieving ‘IBR free’ herd. Present technology ‘Gene-deleted DIVA-based infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) marker vaccine’ is based on the deletion of one of the viral structural protein, glycoprotein E (gE). Vaccination of cattle with gene-deleted marker vaccine will not induce antibodies against gE while infection with the field virus strains will induce a positive antibody response against gE. Vaccination of cattle with gene-deleted IBR marker vaccine will not only reduce the severity of clinical signs of disease due to infection but also reduce the circulating IBR virus when virus is introduced into a herd or there is reactivation of a latent infection. Most importantly, vaccination with gene-deleted marker vaccine will help in establishing ‘IBR free’ status in the herd..
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Live attenuated Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) vaccine
This innovation was developed during the year 2002. No administrable indigenous homologous vaccine was available then in India to prevent PPR/Goat plague virus infection in about 200 million sheep and goat population in the country.
Hence the vaccine was developed to control the disease in India. Technology Details The live attenuated PPR vaccine when immunized in susceptible small ruminants elicits effective immune response. The vaccine is in use for the past 16 years and has successfully reduced the incidence of the disease in India. Encouraged by the availability of the indigenous vaccine, Government of India has launched PPR control and eradication programme in India.
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A live attenuated vero cell based goatpox vaccine for protection against goatpox
Goats of over 125 million population constitute an important component of Indian livestock industry, benefiting large section of rural population. Amongst a number of infections that adversely affect goat husbandry, goatpox is one of the important diseases with a serious economic impact in terms of productivity loss, mortality, hide damage and losses due to trade limitations to developed nations. The present technology relates to development and production of an effective vaccine for control/ prevention of goatpox in goats. Technology Details A live attenuated vaccine developed at IVRI is used in goat population for preventive immunization against goatpox, a severe viral infection in goats. Vaccine has potential application for control of goat pox in the endemic or affected regions, which include not only India but other regions including Southwest, Middle east and Central Asia, Northern and Central African nations. Wide spread use of this vaccine is expected to significantly bring down the incidence of the disease contributing to the enhanced small ruminant productivity. The vaccine is in the process of grant of patent (Patent Application No. 76/DEL/2008) subject to approval of NBA (National Biodiversity Authority) for use of virus strain in the vaccine.
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Indigenous live attenuated Sheep pox vaccine (SPPV) (Srinagar 38/2000 strain)
Sheep pox is a severe viral disease in sheep which is economically important in small ruminants. The currently used vaccine strain in the vaccines is RF strain which is an exotic strain, hence a live attenuated sheep pox vaccine using indigenous strain was developed at IVRI for preventive vaccination in sheep population. The vaccine can be manufactured using Vero cell culture which is a continuous cell line. Technology Details The vaccine developed uses indigenous sheeppox virus strain [SPPV Srin 38/00] and it is adapted to grow in Vero cell line. Thus, the vaccine production is easily scalable. The vaccine is innocuous, safe, potent and immunogenic [efficacious] for sheep aged more than six months of age. The vaccine has been evaluated both at in house and field. The vaccine protects the vaccinated animals for a period of 40 months, as studied so far under experimental conditions. A patent application has been submitted and the application number is 3834/DEL/2014.
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Buffalo pox vaccine
Buffalopox is an infectious disease caused by buffalopox virus (BPXV). It causes both localized and generalized infection in buffalo, cow and is zoonotic in nature. The occurrence of the disease is associated with productivity losses in terms of milk, draught and meat capacity of the animal. A live-attenuated vaccine has been developed using an indigenous isolate (Vij96 strain, P-50) in the Vero cells for the control of buffalopox. It is effective in the control of buffalopox infection especially in endemic areas. The vaccine has been evaluated both in-house and at field level. The technology offer includes training & demonstrations, know-how documents, SOPs, transfer of biological material and further support for up-scaling.
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Camel pox vaccine
Camelpox is an infectious disease caused by Camelpox virus (CMLV), an orthropox virus of Poxviridae. It spread as generalized infection of camels in several parts of the world as the camels are used as beast of burden for transport and milk. The disease mostly affects young ones aged 2-3 years and also zoonotic in nature. It causes clinical disease in affected animals leading to reduced animal productivity and draught power that may cause death in young calves. However, the vaccine will useful for reduction in the disease incidence in camel rearing belts, where the disease is endemic. A live-attenuated vaccine candidate has been developed using an indigenous isolate (CMLV-I/97 strain) of camelpox virus in vero cells for the control of camelpox. It is found to be safe and potent on limited studies by in house trial. The candidate vaccine virus is available for further development through partnerships.
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Sub viral particle based Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccine for chickens
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) also known as Gumboro disease of poultry caused by IBDV infects the bursa of Fabricius particularly the actively dividing and differentiating B lymphocytes in young chickens, resulting in morbidity, mortality and immunosuppression.
Bursal damage and depletion of B cells enhances the susceptibility of chickens to other infections and interferes with vaccination against other diseases. Maternally derived antibodies (MDA) interfere with the vaccination of young chickens against IBD. In this context, live attenuated intermediate plus vaccines are better, however they cannot provide complete protection and induce moderate to severe clinical signs and immunosuppression. Hence, a better vaccine which overcomes this drawback is an absolute necessity in IBD outbreaks. Technology Details Subviral particle (SVP) based Infectious bursal disease vaccine is a recombinant vaccine intended for use against IBD also known as Gumboro disease of poultry. The IBDV major capsid protein VP2 on expression in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae led to the formation of SVPs. The generated SVPs, in addition to their ability to stimulate antibody response, are highly effective in stimulating antigen specific lymphocyte proliferative and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. The SVP based vaccine completely protects the broiler birds in presence of maternally derived antibodies (MDA) and can safely be administered to day-old chicks. The vaccine does not cause immunosuppression as has been demonstrated by an intact histological architecture of the bursa of Fabricius in immunized birds. The efficacy of the SVPs against challenge with very virulent IBD virus was also evaluated at a poultry vaccine company M/S Globion India Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad and the results indicated that the vaccinated flocks did not show any clinical signs indicating complete protection.
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Swine (Pig) Septic Pasteurellosis Vaccine
At present, there is no vaccine available in India for swine septic pasteurellosis.
The development of P. multocida “Soron” B:2 as a vaccine candidate for the manufacturing of swine (pig) septic pasteurellosis vaccine will not only beneficial to India but also all the SAARC nations will be greatly benefited. Annual vaccination of pigs with oil adjuvant or any other suitable adjuvant swine (pig) septic pasteurellosis vaccine will prevent pasteurellosis in pigs which will reduce economic losses.
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Multiple Emulsion Vaccine against Haemorrhagic Septicaemia
Pasteurellosis in cattle and buffalo is a specific form of acute and fatal disease commonly referred as “Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS)”. In India, it is caused by Pasteurella multocida serotype ^:B, also denoted as B:2 and it is considered one of the important killer disease in bovine. The accepted method of HS control throughout the world is by vaccination. Oil adjuvant vaccine (OAV) presently in vogue in India provides an immunity up to one year but it is not liked by filed veterinarians owing to difficult syrengibility due to its thick viscosity and also it sometimes cause untoward reaction like formation of a lump at the site of inoculation. Keeping in view these back grounds, a multiple emulsion (ME) HS vaccine was developed which was found efficacious in respect of ease of delivery, lower dose level and equivalent immunity to OAV in cattle. Due to thin viscosity, its syrengibility is easier and its intramuscular administration does not cause any untoward reaction athe site of inoculation.Multiple emulsion HS vaccine obviates the problem of viscosity, syrengibility of oil adjuvant HS vaccine. Its 3.5 ml dose for light weight animals and 4.0 ml does for heavy animals is adequate to invoke one year immunity.
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Vero cell based inactivated JE vaccine candidate for pigs
JEV causes acute encephalitis syndrome in humans and reproductive disorders viz. stillbirth, abortion, mummified fetuses, and orchitis in pigs.
Since it is a zoonotic disease and the pigs are the amplifiers of the virus, there is a necessity to develop a vaccine intended for vaccinating pigs in the endemic areas to break the virus transmission cycle. The purpose of the present invention was to develop an indigenous cell culture-based inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine from an Indian JEV isolates. Since the vaccine is prepared from swine JEV isolate (JEV/SW/IVRI/395A/2014), it is expected that the vaccine would be able to protect the pigs from prevalent JEV strains in the country. It is expected to reduce the disease burden in the pig and human population. A patent application has been submitted vide application number 202211053806.
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Chicken embryo fibroblast cell culture based live attenuated duck plague vaccine (strain: DPvac/IVRI-19)
A live attenuated CEF cell culture based DP vaccine (DPvac/IVRI-19) has been developed by attenuating an Indian DPV isolate in the cell culture with the “Make in India” concept.
The vaccine has following advantages. The titre of the vaccine virus is 107.5 TCID50/ml) and around 1.5 lakhs doses can be produced from one 75 cm2 culture flask. Amenable for industrial scale production and economical. The vaccine has been extensively tested for safety and potency and conforms to the Indian Pharmacopeia (IP-2018) guidelines. DPvac/IVRI-19 has been found to afford 100% protection against challenge infection. It does not revert to virulence. The vaccine provides protective immunity up to one year. This vaccine can be used for preven tion against duck plague in our country.Large scale production can easily meet the demand of entire nation with the concept of “Atmanirbhar Bharat” and has export potential.
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Vero-Cell Based Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidate Virus For Canine Distemper Using Indigenous Strain
In the wake of increased incidence of Canine Distemper outbreaks both in domestic and wildlife population in recent past, development of an “indigenous vaccine” using currently circulating virus in India will be of immense help in containing the disease.
In view of this, a “Vero-cell based live attenuated vaccine candidate virus for canine distemper using indigenous strain CDV(Dog)/Bly/Ind/2018” has been developed. The indigenous vaccine candidate is likely to produce strong protective immunity against existing circulating virus isolate both in domestic and wildlife populations, once established and help in controlling the disease.
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Immunoaffinity purified somatic extract of Haemonchus contortus for use as vaccine
An immunoaffinity purified fraction from somatic extract of H. contortus, which when used in a vaccine formulation provides substantial protection against the parasitic challenge. Patent application no. 202111008512.
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A novel peste-des-Petits-Ruminants (PPR) viral vector based on the Indian vaccine strain Sungri/96
We have developed a viral vaccine vector platform based on the Indian vaccine strain of peste-des petits-ruminants virus (PPRV/Sungri/96), specifically for the development of next generation combination vaccines for viral/bacterial/parasitic diseases of animals. This is the first of its kind and exclusive vaccine vector platform for livestock. Using this platform PPRV vectored dual/combined vaccines can be developed at the convenience of a single step gene cloning. As the backbone originated from an attenuated vaccine virus it can be directly tested in animals. Sungri/96 has demonstrated proven scalability and the technology has already been acquired by several industries. Similar to the parent vaccine, Sungri/96 vectored live combined vaccines can perform without adjuvants and thus can save huge costs on adjuvants that would otherwise be required with subunit/inactivated preparations. Further this vaccine virus has been extensively tested in Indian field conditions for over two decades and is currently being employed in the national PPR control and eradication program. Hence, next generation combined vaccines developed using this novel vector can easily get regulatory clearance for use in animals. Patent application no. 202111013086.
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Live Attenuated Canine Parvovirus Vaccine Candidate
To control the incidence of Canine parvovirus enteritis infection due to different antigenic strains in domestic Indian dog population over the years, development of an indigenous vaccine using currently circulating virus in India will be of enormous aid in limiting this disease.
Keeping this in view, a Modified live attenuated Canine parvovirus vaccine candidate Bareilly_IVRI/CPVnew2a/914 has been developed. The indigenous candidate vaccine is expected to induce robust protective immunity against the different prevailing antigenic viral strains circulating in the field and infecting the domestic dog population, and thus checking the spread of the disease.
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Lumpi-provac Ind (Lumpy Skin Disease Vaccine)
Lumpi-ProVac Ind is safe in animals and induces LSDV-specific antibody- and cell-mediated immune response, besides providing a complete protection against lethal LSDV challenge.
The virus used for developing Lumpi-ProVac Ind was isolated at ICAR-NRCE Hisar from skin scab collected from a naturally LSDV infected cattle at Ranchi (Jharkhand) in 2019 (LSDV/2019/India/Ranchi). The virus was attenuated in Vero cells and the 50 th passage of the virus was used to prepare the vaccine. Lumpi-ProVac Ind is used for the prophylactic immunization of animals against Lumpy Skin Disease. The immunity induced by homologous live-attenuated LSD vaccines usually persists for a minimum period of 1 year. A single dose of the vaccine contains 10 3.5 TCID 50 of live-attenuated LSDV (Ranchi strain). The vaccine is stored at 4°C. The vaccine must be shipped on ice and must be used within few hours after reconstitution.
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Live attenuated PPR-Goatpox combined vaccine (IVRI)
Peste-des-Petits Ruminants (PPR) and goatpox are highly contagious viral diseases that primarily affect goats, leading to severe morbidity and mortality and causing significant economic losses to farmers.
Vaccination is the primary method for prevention. In 2010, the Government of India launched the PPR Control Programme (PPR-CP), focusing on intensive vaccination of susceptible animal populations. The currently available monovalent vaccines for PPR and goatpox offer protection for around 3-4 years, which aligns with the economic life of the animal s, with just a single vaccination required. Developing a combined vaccine for both PPR and goatpox in goats would bring about cost, time, and labor savings. Previous researchers have already attempted to create a combined form of the PPR (Sungri) + GTPV (Uttarkashi) vaccine (Hosamani et al., 2006) with limited success.
To solve the above problems, we have developed and revalidated the Vero cell culture attenuated live PPR and goatpox combined vaccine for protection of goats. The following are the solution we offered
a. The vaccine is anticipated to substantially reduce the disease incidence, leading to improved goat productivity and gradual disease control over time.
b. IVRI's combined vaccine is both cost-effective and efficient in combating both PPR and goatpox diseases through a single vaccination.
c. Vaccination is expected to progressively enhance goat productivity and health, thereby uplifting the livelihoods of impoverished farmers in India.
d. This vaccine is projected to confer lifelong immunity to vaccinated animals.